Parents in the United States have a legal right to refuse vaccination for their children. Two antipneumococcal formulations (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [PCV] 13 and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine [PPSV] 23) are currently recommended. to years males and females undergoing splenectomy in Iranian Pediatric Patients: A Single within a -year period at Mofid Children's Center Study (ospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences and (ealth Services, Tehran, )ran. The spleen also … Infectious mononucleosis is sometimes called mono or the kissing disease. Pneumococcal vaccine, PCV13 (Prevnar-13) - 0.5mL IM 2. Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. • Anyone exposed during a meningococcal meningitis outbreak. This is the third edition of this publication which contains the latest information on vaccines and vaccination procedures for all the vaccine preventable infectious diseases that may occur in the UK or in travellers going outside of the UK ... Bexsero® - People without a spleen need a series of two doses of Bexsero® given at least 4 weeks apart. In the past, doctors often did this surgery if the spleen was torn ("lacerated") or bruised by a blow or blunt trauma to the abdomen. 6 weeks to <5 years. Most spleen injuries are cause by blunt trauma from a car crash, fall, bike wreck, or any other activity that causes a hard blow to the abdomen. You should get the vaccine when it is available to you — unless you are allergic to an ingredient in the vaccine or have another health condition that prevents you from being vaccinated. Reviewed by DHA-IHD June 2020 Standing Orders for Administering Haemophilus influenzae type b Vaccine (Pediatric) Purpose: To reduce morbidity and mortality from Haemophilus influenzae type b disease by vaccinating all persons who meet the … Spleen injuries are among the most frequent trauma-related injuries. Administer HepB vaccine and hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG) (in separate limbs) within 12 hours of birth, regardless of birth weight. Both Menveo and Bexsero have a booster shot, so you will get 2 doses of each vaccine. VACCINE ADMINISTRATION FEE AND UNINSURED/UNDERINSURED PATIENTS LHD’s may charge the patient an out-of-pocket administration fee for VFC vaccines unless the patient is Uninsured or Underinsured AND the family income is below 200% of the federal poverty level. Give MenACWY-D at least 4 weeks after PCV13 (see section 4.3.3 ) Found inside – Page 665aPatients undergoing elective splenectomy or who are to receive immunocompromising ... including the use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ( Prevnar ) ... For adults who have just had their spleen removed or diagnosed with splenic dysfunction, the following schedule should be followed A dose of Hib/MenC and the first dose of MenB vaccine, along with the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) One month later, a dose of MenACWY conjugate vaccine and the second dose of MenB The defect in cytokine secretion of C3-/- mice was not due to defective proliferation to antigen, was not observed after anti-CD3 stimulation, and was corrected by the addition of purified C3 protein. Found insideRevising the manual has been a team exercise. There are contributions from a large number of experts, organizations and institutions. This new edition has seven modules. This lymphopoietic organ contains a quarter of the body’s lymphoid tissue involved in opsonization, in which invading bacterial particles are targeted and phagocytized. Serves as a guide for the health care worker involved in the management of patients with sickle cell disease. Represents a collective summary of experiences with therapeutic regimens rather than the by-product of controlled clinical trials. The 2003 Red Book, 26th Edition advances the Red Book's mission for the 21st century, with the most current information on clinical manifestations, etiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of more than 200 childhood infectious ... The conjugate vaccines are preferred. Found insideThe following section reviews literature on vaccines that have induced autoimmune conditions such as MMR and HBV, among others. Recommendations. ... American Academy of Pediatrics. You will need to be revaccinated every 5 years. The safety profile of varicella vaccine: a 10-year review. In the discussion of the authors' cases, one of us (M.K.H.) The spleen is removed while you are under general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free). Administer PPSV23 8wk after PCV13. Vaccine. The optimal time is when the patient has recovered from surgery (7 days postoperatively if … Age. After the spleen is gone, your child may be more likely to get infections such as pneumonia and meningitis. It is caused most often by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which is in the herpesvirus family of organisms. Indeed vaccines have been blamed for causing asthma, autism, diabetes, and many other conditions most of which have causes that are incompletely understood. Do Vaccines Cause That? The most common diseases that are improved by splenectomy are those in which the spleen consumes abnormal red blood cells or platelets. I have found conflicting information regarding the need for measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) boosters. Found inside – Page 363Vaccinated children who have undergone splenectomy experience significantly less pneumococcal disease than unvaccinated children. In the case of emergency splenectomy, or if immunisation was not completed pre operatively, vaccination can be commenced 2 weeks post operatively. The spleen is an organ that sits under your rib cage on the upper left side of your abdomen. Your child can get these vaccines in the weeks after surgery. 1. Found inside – Page iThis book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date review of all aspects of childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, from basic biology to supportive care. Vaccination For people Without a Spleen, Splenectomy, Spleen surgery. An opening chapter discusses the work of Dr. Michael Heidelberger. Valuable reading for carbohydrate, medicinal/pharmaceutical, and organic chemists and biochemists interested in biomedical research. Found inside – Page 410In patients with planned splenectomy, vaccination should be initiated at least 2 weeks prior to splenectomy. Immunization in Children with HIV Infection ... Splenectomy. - Vaccinations for asplenic children - Antibiotic prophylaxis in asplenic and hyposplenic adults - Oral and emergency antibiotics in asplenic or hyposplenic child - Meningococcal vaccination recs for those ≥2 years at risk - Pneumococcal vaccination high-risk children age 2 through 5 - Pneumococcal vaccination high-risk children age 6 through 18 The spleen also … Learn more about current vaccine supply and shortage issues. If you have already had a complete series of meningococcal B vaccine you will not need to repeat this series. Translate. The book confidently tackles these subjects and gives seasoned advice on the latest diagnostic and treatment strategies using evidence-based medicine wherever possible. The 2018 Red Book from the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends prophylaxis until the child is five years of age and a minimum of one year of prophylaxis for children older than five years of age postsplenectomy, provided the child has received all the appropriate pneumococcal vaccinations. Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b) vaccine. Last week, a post by Heidi Neckelmann, the wife of Miami obstetrician Dr. Gregory Michael describing his death from idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) 16 days after being vaccinated with the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine went viral. A splenectomy is the removal of the spleen, which in kids usually results from a blood-related disease. Then you will get the booster shot 12 weeks later. Journal of Pediatrics 1994;124:273-6. The spleen helps protect your child from illness. If you do not have a spleen or your spleen does not work well, talk with your doctor about: Influenza vaccine each year to protect against seasonal flu. Found insideFeatures: More than 400 illustrations created specifically for this book along with clear, concise text show you how to perform essential surgical procedures Coverage includes procedures for the breast, gastrointestinal tract, diaphragm, ... It is normally about the size of a person’s fist. Table I. During open spleen removal: The surgeon makes a cut (incision) in the middle of the belly or on the left side of the belly just below the ribs. The final chapter deals with quantitative structure–activity relationships. This book is a valuable resource for microbiologists, chemists, and scientists. Splenectomy is a surgical procedure to remove your spleen. There are, however, special circumstances under which the state may compel vaccination against parental wishes. ; In those patients who will be undergoing a scheduled splenectomy, the pneumococcal, meningococcal, and Haemophilus vaccines should be given at least 14 days prior to the operation. The spleen is located and removed. Found inside – Page 597Less common indications for splenectomy include splenic abscesses, cysts, ... Vaccination and antibiotic measures are discussed under asplenia. It serves as a graveyard for old or flawed red blood cells (oxygen-carrying cells) and as a storage site for blood and platelets (essential for clotting). Adult. Splenectomy. Updated February 2021. Doctors grade spleen lacerations on a scale from 1–5, where … In addition to routine vaccines in Stiehm's Immune Deficiencies focuses on immunodeficiencies in children and adults. This book covers the many advances in the study of immunodeficiency. Iran J Pediatr Letter to Editor Jun 2012; Vol 22 (No 2), Pp: 275-276 Splenectomy for Hematological Disorders we evaluated patients aged . Therefore, in the case of splenectomy, the same vaccine schedule is advised irrespective of preoperative morbidities or indications for surgery. Meningococcal vaccines licensed for use in adults (meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine [MPSV4] and meningococcal conjugate vaccine [MCV4]) protect against 4 types of meningococcal disease, types A, C, Y and W135. For individuals with a Pneumococcus vaccine (Pneumovax) is used to prevent infection caused by the pneumococcal bacteria. meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine (MenACWY) meningococcal B vaccine (MenB) influenza vaccine (flu) every year. if you have received a pneumococcal vaccine within the past 3 to 5 years. The spleen is located in the upper left area of your belly and sits behind and below the stomach. Immediate allergic reaction of any severity to a previous dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine or any of its For each possible adverse event, the report reviews peer-reviewed primary studies, summarizes their findings, and evaluates the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence. PCV13 (Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) = Prevenar-13® 0.5ml IM PPV (Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine) = Pneumovax II® 0.5ml IM MenACWY conjugate vaccine (Meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccine) = Menveo® 0.5ml IM or Nimenrix® 0.5ml IM Vaccines are routinely given intramuscularly into the upper arm or anterolateral thigh. Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a group of complex genetic disorders with multisystem manifestations. This statement provides pediatricians in primary care and subspecialty practice with an overview of the genetics, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment of SCD. Here's what you need to know about caring for your child at home. There are many reasons that a spleen may need to be removed, including infection, cysts, trauma, anemias, immune disease and cancer. Vaccine. Vaccine (Pediatric) Purpose: To reduce morbidity and mortality from pneumococcal disease byvaccinatingall persons who meet the criteria established by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) product labeling, and the Department of Defense (DoD). Regulating immune homeostasis is an essential function of the spleen. Journal of Infectious Diseases 2008;197 Suppl 2:S165-9. Pneumococcal Vaccination. A splenectomy may be indicated in children for a variety of disorders. For elective splenectomy, vaccination should be administered at least 2 weeks before surgery is performed. Post Splenectomy Vaccination Clinical Practice Policy Indications: All patients status post-splenectomy All patients with <50% perfused spleen Vaccines: 1. For infants <2,000 grams, administer 3 additional doses of vaccine (total of 4 doses) beginning at age 1 month. Fulminant, potentially life-threatening infection is a major long-term risk after splenectomy or in persons who are functionally hyposplenic as a result of various systemic conditions. Galea SA, Sweet A, Beninger P, et al. The spleen is an organ that lies behind the stomach on the left side of the abdomen. Publication or Revision Year: 2020 Surgical Diseases of the Spleen written and edited by internationally renowned scientists will be a masterpiece for any institution. It provides an updated multidisciplinary review of diseases of the spleen. Definitions Functional asplenia: presence of a spleen, however absence of splenic function due to diseased tissue and/or spontaneous infarction. After spleen removal, certain steps can help reduce your risk of infection, including: A series of vaccinations both before and after the splenectomy. The first vaccine that is available to you is the best vaccine. MCV4 is licensed for ages 11-55 years and is the preferred meningococcal vaccine … However, if this is not possible, start vaccinations approximately 1 week after surgery, prior to discharge, with a vaccination plan in place. Splenectomy in adults and children (PDF) Published by Public Health Agency for Northern Ireland, 19 October 2020. If these two conditions apply the patient’s vaccine administration fee must be waived. In the case of a more severe illness with a fever or any type of infection, wait until you get better before receiving this vaccine. • For elective splenectomy, it is advisable to administer vaccinations at least two (2) weeks prior to surgery although, when possible, a period of 8-10 weeks is preferable to allow the administration of two doses of the vaccines for better antibody response. The surgeon may do either an open splenectomy or a laparoscopic splenectomy. When the spleen has to be removed -- because of cancer or other diseases -- a surgeon performs a splenectomy. Doses given during the 2 weeks (14 days) before surgery can be … This is the only comprehensive collection of algorithms which exclusively addresses hematologic and oncologic problems affecting neonates, children and adolescents. Unsurprisingly, in her grief she blamed the vaccine for her husband's death from a rare autoimmune condition that destroys platelets and causes bleeding. > Elective splenectomy: Give vaccines at least 2 weeks before procedure. Splenectomy in pediatric patients with non-malignant hematological diseases is a safe procedure with minimal infectious and thrombotic complications particularly among patients with HS or ITP. UMHS Department: UMHHC Immunization Committee; General Surgery; Rogel Cancer Center This handbook is also available electronically for handheld computers. See Media listing for details. Pneumococcal Vaccine Status Vaccines before Splenectomy Booster after Splenectomy Child with 4 doses PCV13* If > 2yrs PPSV23 8 weeks after last PCV dose PPSV23 every 5 years Child with 1-3 doses PCV13** (the least number of effective doses is usually 2 PCV13 and if > 2yrs followed by PPSV23 8 weeks after last PCV dose PPSV23 every 5 years Your child may need to take antibiotics for a while after surgery and each time your child has a fever. The spleen is an organ located in the upper left side of the abdomen under the rib cage. Contraindications to either of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines: Severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) after a previous dose of an mRNA COVID-19 vaccine or to any of its components. Give the recommended course of Hib-containing vaccine, or catch-up vaccination, according to Table.Catch-up schedule for Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination … People without a fully working spleen should also have the following extra immunisations: pneumococcal vaccine. Review the appropriate vaccinations and the appropriate timing of vaccination administration in patients with functional or anatomic asplenia. The spleen is an organ located in the upper left side of the abdomen under the rib cage. Thus, conjugated pneumococcal vaccine, conjugated Hib vaccine and conjugated meningococcal vaccine is recommended in these patients. This volume provides the most thorough literature review available about links between common childhood vaccinesâ€"tetanus, diphtheria, measles, mumps, polio, Haemophilus influenzae b, and hepatitis Bâ€"and specific types of disorders ... Your child had a procedure called a splenectomy. • All patients status post splenectomy In-hospital vaccination protocol 1: Administer vaccination on the day of discharge or day 14, whichever comes first • Pneumococcal 13-valent conjugate (PCV13 – Prevnar 13) 0.5 mL IM • Haemophilus influenza type b vaccine (Hib -ActHIB) 0.5 mL IM • Meningococcal vaccine (Menactra) 0.5 mL IM What vaccines and vaccination schedule are recommended for splenectomy patients? The IAP recommends the use of Meningococcal vaccines only in certain high-risk situations depicted below. Hemophilus influenzae vaccine (HiB) - 0.5mL IM 3. The surgeon may do either an open splenectomy or a laparoscopic splenectomy. A splenectomy is an operation to remove the spleen. So before or soon after surgery, your child may need one or more vaccinations. Patients who have an absent spleen or functional hyposplenism require specific management given they are at increased risk of severe infection … When immunizations are given prior to removing the spleen; they are more effective in protecting against infection. Flu and COVID-19: Staying Healthy. > Urgent / emergency splenectomy: Give vaccines at least 7 days postoperatively or on day of discharge, whichever comes first. The spleen is located and disconnected from its arteries. Enfermedades y afecciones; Cirugías y procedimientos When the surgeon anticipates that left hemicolectomy will require splenectomy (eg, large splenic flexure cancers, local invasion of the spleen), vaccination to prevent sepsis… Clinical features, evaluation, and management of fever in patients with impaired splenic function …the spleen and may be … We are open for safe in-person care. It is normally about the size of a person’s fist. • Anyone with a damaged spleen or who had the spleen removed. Found inside – Page 254If splenectomy is done under emergency circumstances, these vaccines can be given postoperatively. • Children who undergo splenectomy should also receive ... Found inside – Page 970Volume 1: General Pediatrics and Neonatology Piyush Gupta, PSN Menon, Siddarth Ramji, Rakesh Lodha. 970 Vaccine Asymptomatic Symptomatic IPV at 6, 10, ... Vaccination can be viewed as a public health or a clinical intervention. • Anyone with an immune system disorder. Found insideThis book is a completely revised new edition of the definitive reference on disorders of hemoglobin. Certain vaccinations are required prior to undergoing a splenectomy, to ensure your child has adequate immunity. Finally, all splenectomy patients should receive influenza vaccination yearly. Haller W, Buttery J, Laurie K, et al. Found inside – Page iThis book provides a comprehensive overview of benign hematologic disorders in children. Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination (minimum age: 6 weeks) Routine vaccination ActHIB, Hiberix, or Pentacel: 4-dose series at 2, 4, 6, 12–15 months PedvaxHIB: 3-dose series at 2, 4, 12–15 months Catch-up vaccination. Vaccination for pneumococcus, H. influenza and meningococcus should be given pre-operatively if possible to minimize the chance of overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI), a rapid-developing and potentially fatal type of septicaemia. ... Pediatric hematologists treat these disorders until they believe a splenectomy would be beneficial. Splenectomy - 2 - What vaccinations will I need after a splenectomy? The spleen removes old and damaged blood cells from the bloodstream as they flow through the body. A three-dose primary series plus a booster dose of PCV13, administered at 6 weeks, 3 months, 5 months, and 12 months, replaces PCV10 on the usual Schedule. 1 The loss of blood filtering through the spleen diminishes the triggering effect of innate and adaptive immunity that aids in protecting the body … Meningococcal vaccine a. Serogroups MenACWY (Menveo) - 0.5mL IM b. Immunizations are given prior to splenectomy to prevent specific types of infections most common to patients post splenectomy. Recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis typically target high-risk periods, such as 1 to 3 years after splenectomy, children ≤5 years of age, or patients with concomitant immunocompromise. Accompanying CD-ROM includes: downloadable image bank of color illustrations for use in presentations ; list of references for each chapter. The new 27th edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to help you stay in step with the latest developments and recommendations. You can still receive a vaccine if you have a cold or fever. In regards to inventory reporting, DTaP (CVX-20) is the default vaccine type that will be shown, in the event no lot number is not linked to the vaccine type, it will show as DTaP, 5 Pertussis Antigen (CVXC-106). [ 4] The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety identifies research approaches, methodologies, and study designs that could address questions about the safety of the current schedule. Tdap vaccine to protect against tetanus, diphtheria, and whooping cough. The spleen is located and removed. if patient follc»v.up The patient was treated with three courses of intravenous immunoglobulins (0.8 g/kg), followed by four courses of dexamethasone (4×40 mg/day) and rituximab (4×75 mg/m 2). American, French, and British guidelines all agree that oral phenoxymethylpenicillin or erythromycin … Currently available vaccines recommended for patients with asplenia include pneumococcal vaccines (13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine followed by the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine), meningococcal vaccines (meningococcal conjugate vaccines for serogroups A, C, Y and W-135 and serogroup B meningococcal vaccines), H. influenzae type b … The spleen also clears bacteria and is important for proper immune function, especially in fighting bacteria. The following 2021 schedules indicate the recommended ages for routine administration of currently li censed vaccines for children and adolescents. Dose 1 at age 7–11 months: Administer dose 2 at least 4 weeks later and dose 3 (final dose) at age 12–15 months or 8 weeks after dose 2 (whichever is later). Hib vaccine to protect against Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) if you were not previously vaccinated with the vaccine. Test for HBsAg and anti-HBs at age 9–12 months. Your child may need to take antibiotics for a while after surgery. ... For more information, visit Pediatric General Surgery. dTap 6 (every 10 years and one dose in every pregnancy) Td 8 (every 10 years – when indicated) Pneumo-P 9 (one dose – 65 years and older) Note: Each bullet represents one vaccine or injection unless otherwise noted. Splenectomy is a widely accepted therapeutic strategy in the management of a variety of hematological disorders[].Regardless of its therapeutic advantages, it may be followed by overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI), the most devastating complication in asplenic individuals, which is a fulminant and rapidly fatal condition mainly due to encapsulated organisms[]. The AAP's authoritative guide on preventing, recognizing, and treating more than 200 childhood infectious diseases. Spleen Injuries. Specialized comprehensive medical care decreases morbidity and mortality during childhood. In this Ethics Rounds article, we present the case of a young boy with sickle cell disease who was partially vaccinated against encapsulated bacteria and the ethics of whether to compel … For emergency splenectomy, the vaccines should be administered from 7 days post-operatively. Pediatric. Immunization with pneumococcal, meningococcal and Haemophilus vaccines should be carried out in all patients with asplenia/hyposplenia. The optimal treatment strategy, however, should keep into consideration the hemodynamic status, the anatomic derangement, and the associated injuries. Serogroup B meningococcal vaccines (MenB) Teens and young adults 16 through 23 years of age, to provide short-term protection against diverse strains of serogroup B meningococcus. In the last four years, near the Section of Pediatric Surgery of the Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Medicine of the Reproduction of Siena University, 8 cases of splenomegaly have been treated, 7 by lateral videolaparoscopic splenectomy (5 males and 2 females, with medium age of 10,5 years) and 1 by anterior approach (10 years). if you are scheduled to have your spleen removed (splenectomy); or. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, meningococcal conjugate vaccine, and meningococcal B vaccine should be given 14 days before splenectomy, if possible. This is surgery to remove the spleen. A small, nonrandomized study of children and young adults (ages 2 to 25 years) who had sickle cell disease or elective splenectomy has been con- • Most side effects are mild or moderate and do not affect daily activities. It helps fight infection and filters unneeded material, such as old or damaged blood cells. Pneumococcal infection can cause serious problems such as Spanish Content. Electronic version of 2000 text. Indian Academy Of Pediatrics (IAP) Recommendations For Meningococcal Vaccine. The flu vaccine helps reduce your risk of developing complications if you do catch flu. This edition of The Management of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is organized into four parts: 1. Diagnosis and Counseling 2. Health Maintenance 3. Treatment of Acute and Chronic Complications 4. Special Topics. A series of vaccinations is recommended for patients who have their spleen removed. Any dose not administered at the recommended age should be administered at a subsequent visit, when indicated and feasible. Antibiotic prophylaxis, vaccines, and patient and family education are the mainstays of prevention in these at-risk patients. Most people become infected with EBV at some point in their lives. The spleen is the fist-sized organ that helps fight infection in the body by filtering the blood and keeping blood flowing to the liver. If a person is discharged earlier and there is a concern that she or he might not return, vaccines should be given before discharge. You will get the Menveo vaccine in the first round of vaccines. The vaccines should ideally be given 4-6 weeks prior to a planned splenectomy. The child needs to receive certain vaccinations to prevent certain infections. 1 – Diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, polio, haemophilus influenzae type b, … If this series is not finished before splenectomy is considered then as many doses to get to 4 as possible should be administered at 4 week intervals followed in 8 weeks after the last dose with PPSV23 in children > 2years of age Found inside – Page 235Children who undergo a splenectomy are at risk for overwhelming sepsis and must be protected with the use of prophylactic antibiotics and vaccines . The syndrome of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection ( OPSI ) occurs in 1.5 % of ... Recommended Vaccinations for Asplenic Patients. In this month’s Ethics Rounds in Pediatrics, Dr. Rebecca Rossi and her coauthors present an unusual case that raises the question of when does vaccine refusal constitute medical neglect (10.1542/peds.2020-0768)?. The spleen is removed while you are under general anesthesia (asleep and pain-free). Learn more: Mayo Clinic facts about coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Our COVID-19 patient and visitor guidelines, plus trusted health information Latest on COVID-19 vaccination by site: Arizona patient vaccination updates Arizona, Florida patient vaccination updates Florida, Rochester patient vaccination updates Rochester and Mayo Clinic Health … After Splenectomy Administer PCV13 if patient has not previously been vaccinated with an age-appropriate regimen. COVID-19 vaccines help our bodies develop immunity to the virus that causes COVID-19. 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